{"id":5026,"date":"2026-02-12T08:00:00","date_gmt":"2026-02-12T08:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.dbvp.nl\/?p=5026"},"modified":"2026-07-07T13:49:47","modified_gmt":"2026-07-07T13:49:47","slug":"limits-to-technological-autonomy","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/dbvp.nl\/en\/limits-to-technological-autonomy\/","title":{"rendered":"Rules Are Not a Blockade. They Are the Recovery of Agency"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>There is a paradox in how we talk about AI regulation, and it is sharper than most discussions let on.<\/p>\n<p>Technology once praised for its potential to advance humanity is now also seen as a source of concern. Where autonomy was once the strength of technology, that same autonomy now appears to threaten human agency. What does it mean when a system gains more control over a process than the people who once built it?<\/p>\n<p><strong>That is not a technical question. It is a question about values, power and accountability.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>The debate about AI regulation is often narrowed to a question of speed. Whoever regulates too slowly risks falling behind in a world where competitors keep moving. That pressure is real. But the question underneath is more interesting: must we first fully understand what a technology does before we create frameworks for it? Or do we need frameworks precisely because we do not yet fully understand what a technology does?<\/p>\n<p>Regulation, seen through this lens, is often misunderstood as a blockade. In reality it is a safety net. It is an attempt to prevent systems designed to support people from slipping beyond the reach of the people who built them. When an algorithm makes a diagnosis faster than a doctor, that is a strength. When that algorithm makes a decision nobody can still check, something has quietly shifted: power has slid from people to machines, not through one conscious decision, but through a thousand small, technically reasonable steps.<\/p>\n<p>The European AI Act, in force since August 2024 and becoming fully applicable in stages, recognises precisely this problem. For high-risk AI systems, human oversight is not a recommendation but a mandatory design criterion. The law requires that the people exercising oversight can actually understand the system, recognise signs of malfunction, and at any moment decide not to use the system or to interrupt its operation. Since May 2026, a concrete implementation timeline is also in place: for most high-risk systems, August 2026 is the hard deadline, while systems embedded in regulated products such as medical devices have an extension to 2027 and 2028.<\/p>\n<p><strong>What the law actually protects is not the technology. It is people&#8217;s ability to say no.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Beneath this discussion lies a psychological layer rarely named out loud. The need for control over technology often stems from fear of the unknown. As systems grow more complex, the sense of losing grip grows with them. That fear is not irrational. Some algorithms learn in ways even their own designers cannot fully reconstruct. The human reflex is then to reach for rules and oversight, and that is a healthy reflex, not a sign of technophobia.<\/p>\n<p>That reflex can work in two directions. It can protect, by forcing us to think about boundaries before irreversible damage occurs. It can also cramp, when overregulation treats every experiment as a threat rather than an opportunity. The distinction between the two lies not in the rule itself, but in the precision with which it was made.<\/p>\n<p>There is also a second mechanism at play, one psychologists call projection. We attribute our own intentions to technology that has no morality of its own. Whoever sees AI as a neutral tool will be less inclined to constrain it. Whoever sees it as a threat will more readily call for strict control. The truth usually lies in between: technology reflects the values of whoever designs and uses it, and rarely adds anything that was not already there.<\/p>\n<p>Legally, regulation structurally lags behind the technology, and that will always be the case. AI knows no national borders, but legislation does. Companies can shop between jurisdictions in search of the most lenient rules, creating an uneven playing field and undermining the possibility of enforcing collective standards. That is why international coordination, however slow and imperfect, is not a bureaucratic side issue but a precondition for effective regulation.<\/p>\n<p><strong>What does this require of leaders, concretely, today?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>It begins with something beyond compliance: actively helping shape policy rather than merely reacting to existing law. Not waiting for a problem to emerge before correcting it, but thinking through scenarios in advance, mapping risks, and embedding ethical principles in design, not as an afterthought.<\/p>\n<p>Picture this: you are responsible for a system that makes decisions autonomously, with enormous potential for logistical optimisation or personalised service, but also real risk of misuse. The market pushes for speed. At the same time, the call for regulation grows. Responsible leadership here does not mean choosing maximum growth at any cost, but deliberately building in safeguards that slow development while building trust. That can cost market share in the short term. In the long term, it is the only basis for legitimacy that holds.<\/p>\n<p>Setting limits on technology is not a task for one party alone. Governments, companies, civil society organisations and citizens must work on this together, with a shared narrative about why these limits exist and which values they protect. This is not a one-off intervention but an ongoing process, because a boundary set too tightly can stifle future innovation, while one set too loosely can cause damage that cannot be reversed.<\/p>\n<p>What does this moment ask of you, not only as a leader but as a person? Which limits do you dare to set, even when that means giving up short-term profit for long-term value? Leadership in a time of technological acceleration calls for an ethical compass that holds course amid uncertainty. Technology is a means, not an end in itself. The question is whether we keep seeing it that way, even as the pace at which systems grow more autonomous tempts us to believe otherwise.<\/p>\n<p><em>Notes for those who wish to read further:<\/em><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Argyri Panezi, Article 14 Human Oversight, in The EU Artificial Intelligence Act: A Commentary (2024). Legal analysis of the human oversight obligation under the European AI Act.<\/li>\n<li>Stuart Russell, Human Compatible: Artificial Intelligence and the Problem of Control (2019, Viking). On designing systems that structurally uphold human control rather than implicitly assuming it.<\/li>\n<li>Virginia Dignum, Responsible Artificial Intelligence: How to Develop and Use AI in a Responsible Way (2019, Springer). On how organisations can embed ethical principles in design rather than as a correction afterwards.<\/li>\n<li>Samir Passi &amp; Mihaela Vorvoreanu, Overreliance on AI: Literature Review (2022, Microsoft Research). On automation bias and the psychological mechanisms that cause people to over-rely on automated systems.<\/li>\n<li>Cathy O&#8217;Neil, Weapons of Math Destruction (2016, Crown Publishing). On how unregulated algorithms can cause societal harm at a scale that would never have been possible with human decision-making alone.<\/li>\n<\/ol>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Technology that once promised to move us forward now raises questions about who is still at the wheel. On why rules are not a blockade, but the recovery of agency.<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":943,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[26],"tags":[89],"class_list":["post-5026","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-blog","tag-english"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/dbvp.nl\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5026","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/dbvp.nl\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/dbvp.nl\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dbvp.nl\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dbvp.nl\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=5026"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/dbvp.nl\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5026\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":5116,"href":"https:\/\/dbvp.nl\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5026\/revisions\/5116"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dbvp.nl\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/943"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/dbvp.nl\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=5026"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dbvp.nl\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=5026"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dbvp.nl\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=5026"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}